Inspection and testing of ceramic tiles

Views: 82     Author: Site Editor     Publish Time: 2022-12-06      Origin: Site

Inspection and testing of ceramic tiles

1.

Can be knocked, the sound is clear that the ceramic tile porcelain density and hardness is high, good quality (gently knock the floor tile with your hand, if the brick issued a "poof, poof" sound that indicates that its sintering degree is not enough, the texture is inferior. If it makes a slight "click" sound, its texture is relatively hard compared with the previous one)(In fact, the method is very simple, with the hand to knock, high-density ceramic tile knock out the crisp smell of glass. And low-density tiles make a dull tile sound).

2. 

Measure the water absorption rate of ceramic tiles. The lower the water absorption rate is, the higher the internal stability of ceramic tiles is, the more suitable for the space with higher moisture or moisture content (such as toilet, kitchen), and the problems such as black spots will not occur.

3.

 Pour a cup of water on the back of the tile, and the water stain spreads quickly, indicating that the water absorption rate is high, and the other way around is low.

4. 

You can scrape the enamel surface of the tile with a hard object. If you leave marks, the quality is poor.

5. 

See if the color of the tile is clear, and see if there are pinholes with the naked eye. Pinholes are easy to accumulate dirt.

6.

The flatness of the tile, the side is flat, easy to shop, and the effect is good (visual method, the floor tile is placed on the flat surface, to see whether the four sides are completely consistent with the flat surface, and to see whether the four corners of the tile are right angles, and then the tile is placed in the same variety and the same type of tile to observe the degree of color difference).

7.

 When choosing floor tiles, I often see the material dealer stepping on the ground hard, which can only show that the bottom of his floor tiles is smooth but not that his tiles are of good quality.

8. 

Draw a line on the ground. The poor tile is completely like a piece of chalk because of its density.

9.

The key is "look". Look at the grade. Top quality is good, third grade and equal foreign products are worried; Two look at the appearance and glaze. Good ceramic tile has no convex concave, bulge, warping Angle and other problems, and the edge is flat. Glazed surface is smooth, no particles or different shades of color

Like; Three look at the pattern. The pattern should be delicate, no obvious color leakage, dislocation, line breaking or different shades.

10.

 The second key is "listen". With one hand thumb, index finger and middle finger clip a corner of the tile, easily down, the other hand index finger gently hit the lower part of the tile, such as sound clear, pleasant for the top quality, such as sound dull, acerbic turbidness for inferior.

11.

Cut out ceramic tile fragments (generally can be observed to the shopkeeper to have broken fragments), see the fault. The fracture is fine, hard and crisp, the color is the same as the top quality.

12. 

Drop water on the back of the ceramic tile. The ceramic tile with high density and slow infiltration after the water disperses is regarded as the top quality.

13.

In addition to the color according to your favorite, you also need to choose carefully: first of all, take out any four tiles from the packing box, put them on the flat ground to compare, whether the four bricks are flat and consistent, whether the diagonal tiles are embedded. Then hit the surface of the tile with the palm of the hand, listen to the sound: good tile sound is low: and the bad tile sound is bright, and has obvious reverberation. Of course, judging good from bad sound is relative. But the first comparison method can not be underestimated, the big difference between domestic and imported bricks is mainly in the consistency of the specification of ceramic tile products.

14.

A look at the glaze of the brick, the surface of the tile should be smooth and delicate; High-gloss glazed tile should be crystal bright, matte and semi-matte glaze should be soft, reflective uniform. You can try to scratch the surface of the tile with a hard object. If there is a scratch, it means insufficient glaze. After the glaze on the surface is polished, the brick surface will be easy to hide dirt and difficult to clean up. Two to see whether the size of the product is standard, the caliper can be used to measure the diagonal, irregular tile in the pavement will not be straight, resulting in not beautiful. Three look at the deformation, can be directly observed with the naked eye, see the product side face flat, so that the product deformation is small, convenient construction, after paving the brick surface smooth and beautiful. Four look at the pattern, the pattern should be delicate, realistic, no obvious lack of color, broken line, dislocation and other defects

15.

Look at the packaging. First look at the factory name, address and trademark, so as not to buy "three no" products. Secondly, look at the product quality grade and the size of water absorption. Generally speaking, the lower the water absorption, the higher the strength of the product, the better the frost resistance. If you purchase ceramic tiles mainly for flooring or outdoor wall use, you should purchase products with low water absorption, such as porcelain tiles or stoneware tiles. If the user buys brick mainly used for indoor wall, such as kitchen, bathroom wall, can choose a higher water absorption rate of products, such as ceramic brick. But it needs to be pointed out that this kind of products against cracking, thermal shock resistance, pollution resistance and chemical corrosion resistance requirements are relatively high. Third, look at the frictional performance of the product. If the user buys ceramic tile for paving, it is necessary to check the friction coefficient and wear level of the product.

16.

Look at the surface quality. First of all, see whether the color is beautiful and pleasing to the eye, in line with their own aesthetic taste. Secondly, about 1 meter away from the sample, under certain lighting conditions, observe the sample has no glaze, cracks, smoke, dirt, glaze bubble, spots, bump and other surface defects; About 3 meters away from the sample, observe whether there is color difference on the surface of the product, so as to roughly grasp the gloss of the product. Third, gently knock the sample with the hand or hammer, if there is a metallic echo, indicating that the product structure is solid; If there is muffled sound, it indicates that the product may have structural defects.

17. 

Look at the shape of the product. First of all, see whether the actual size of the product is consistent with the marked working size. Secondly, look at the degree of deformation of the product, to see whether the surface of the product is flat, whether the corners are straight and so on.

18. 

The quality of ceramic tile detection six methods

a, drop a few drops of tea juice or water on the back of the tile, after a few minutes, depending on the extent of the water drop inhalation and diffusion, no water absorption or low water absorption rate is good quality.

b, knock ceramic tiles to listen to whether the sound is crisp, the more crisp the sound, the higher the degree of porcelain, density, hardness is better.

c, with sharp objects to scratch the tile whether there is a scratch, if there is a scratch indicates that the glaze is easy to make people slip, the surface of the glaze polished, the brick surface dirty will not be able to clean.

d. The color and chroma of ceramic tiles are clear and natural, indicating high porcelain degree, unclear chroma and low porcelain degree.

e. When choosing and purchasing, there is no pinhole on the surface with the naked eye within one meter. If there is, it means that the glaze is not completely integrated, which is easy to produce the accumulation of dirt.

f. Observation of warping degree: To the naked eye to see whether the side of the tile is straight, if the warping situation is serious, it will affect the firmness of the tile in the future.

19.

See whether the white surface of the tile is appropriate, whether the color difference is obvious, whether there is a crack, especially pay attention to check whether there is a dark grain, see whether the front of the tile and the edge of the full glaze layer. Then observe from the side of the tile to see if there are spots or defects on the glaze layer on the surface. If there is no such feature, it indicates that the quality of the tile is more satisfactory. The second is to listen. The two tiles gently touch, such as the "Dangdang" crisp sound, it means that the billet is pressed tightly, high density, good quality; If the sound is "pupu", it means that the texture of the billet is not dense, or there are dark lines, and the quality is poor. Three is press. The tile face the glass flat, according to its four corners, to determine its flatness, because the more flat the quality of the tile is better, and vice versa. After that, if consumers need to buy a large number of tiles, it may as well scrap one or two tiles, the ink drops on the back of the tiles to be observed, if the ink drops into the immediate absorption, it shows that its compactness is poor.

20. (1) Size error, whether the geometric size is standard is the key to judge the quality of ceramic tile, with a measuring tape measure the diagonal and four sides of the brick surface size and thickness is uniform can be judged

(2) color difference, random unpacking a few pieces, put together one by one comparison, generally there are slight differences is normal, if it is very obvious there is a problem, but different production lot of ceramic tile also have color difference, when buying the best amount to buy enough, otherwise later color matching is difficult to be consistent;

(3) Crack, underglaze crack, surface crack;

(4) Uneven, although the glaze layer is bright, but there are inclusions in the glaze layer or glaze layer;

(5) Spots, isolated color variation spots in the glaze color;

(6) Trauma, crushing or deep crack, uneven edges and corners.

21.

Look at the appearance of the first, according to personal hobbies and the functional requirements of the room as well as the required field layout, from the floor tile specifications, tone, texture and other aspects of screening. Good quality floor tiles have uniform size, uniform thickness, flat and smooth surface, no bubbles, no stains, no pockmarked surface, bright color, uniform luster, no defects in corners, 90 degree right angles, no deformation, clear pattern, good compression performance, not easy to damage.

Look at the mass. First, take out a piece from the packing box to see whether the surface is smooth and intact. The glaze should be uniform, bright, without spots, lack of glaze, bump phenomenon, and the surrounding edge is regular. The glaze is not bright, astringent, or there are bubbles are quality problems.

Depending on the degree of regulation. Take one brick and line it up with the gap between the two as small as possible. If it is a pattern brick must use four pieces to piece together a complete pattern, but also should be good at whether the pattern of the brick cohesion, clear. Stand the bricks up next to each other to see if they are the same size, allowing deviations of plus or minus 1 mm for small bricks and plus or minus 2 mm for large bricks

Look at the color difference. Take out all the bricks in a box, put them on a large flat surface, and see the whole effect from a little distance. Regardless of white, other colors or patterns, the color should be the same. If there are some dark and shallow points of individual bricks, it will be very ugly and affect the whole decorative effect.

Second, look at the internal quality appearance is the first step, the second step is to detect the internal quality of ceramic tile. Because the light looks good, but also look at the hardness, wear resistance, water absorption. These directly determine the service life of ceramic tiles, are some very key factors.

Hardness: Take a brick to knock another piece, or use other hard things to knock a brick, if the sound of the brick is crisp and loud, that the quality of the brick is good, cooked; If the sound is abnormal, it indicates that there is heavy skin or crack phenomenon in the brick: heavy skin is the brick forming, the air in the material is not discharged, resulting in bad combination between material and material, internal crack, can not be seen from the surface, only listen to the sound can be identified. Wear resistance: Wear resistance can not be determined by sense alone, more may depend on some technical indicators. Among the many standards, the fit (also called wear resistance) is an important criterion for judging, which indicates the degree of easy wear of the face brick, generally speaking, it can be divided into five degrees:

Ⅰ degree: low wear resistance, generally used for display, walls and places with little activity.

ⅱdegree: The degree of wear resistance is greater than ⅰdegree ceramic tile, mainly used in bathrooms, bedrooms and other environments without hard friction.

Ⅲ degree: moderate wear resistance, mainly used for large activity places. Such as living room, kitchen, etc.

Ⅳ degree: high wear resistance. It is ideal for use in foyers, hallways and public Spaces of luxury homes.

Ⅴ degrees:

The division of Ⅴ degrees does not have a clear concept. But theoretically speaking, with super wear resistance, generally used in non-home environment, such as airports, stations and so on. Water absorption: Water absorption is also a very important index in the process of ceramic tile use. The method of determining the water absorption rate of ceramic tile is very simple, just need to put a drop of water to the opposite side of the ceramic tile, see its absorption speed. Generally speaking, the faster the water absorption and penetration rate of the tile, the higher its water absorption rate, and the lower the vice versa. In general, tiles with low water absorption are denser and of better quality.